{"id":682,"date":"2012-04-19T14:27:08","date_gmt":"2012-04-19T18:27:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/?p=682"},"modified":"2012-04-19T14:27:53","modified_gmt":"2012-04-19T18:27:53","slug":"united-states-v-jewell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/united-states-v-jewell\/","title":{"rendered":"United States v. Jewell, 532 F.2d 697 (1976)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Case Name: <\/strong>United States v. Jewell
\nCitation: <\/strong>532 F.2d 697 (1976)<\/p>\n

Facts: <\/strong>Jewell was convicted of knowingly<\/em> transporting marijuana in his car from Mexico. The pot was hidden in a secret compartment behind the rear seat. There was evidence that Jewell deliberately avoided positive knowledge<\/span> in order to avoid responsibility<\/span>\u00a0 (\u201cWillful Blindness\u201d). The trial court judge gave a jury instruction that defendant is guilty if the government shows, beyond a reasonable doubt, that (even though he was not actually aware) his ignorance was solely because he made a conscious purpose to disregard what was in the vehicle to avoid learning the truth.<\/p>\n

Defendant\u2019s argument: <\/strong>The state needs to prove that Jewell knowingly<\/em> brought and possessed the marijuana into the US. The MPC requires the state to prove that the defendant is \u201caware of a high probability of its existence.\u201d<\/p>\n

State\u2019s argument: <\/strong>Jewell interprets \u201cknowingly\u201d to narrow and is not consistent with the purpose of the Drug Control Act. A narrow interpretation would allow deliberate ignorance as a defense.<\/p>\n

Holding: <\/strong>Upheld the judge\u2019s instruction and the defendant\u2019s conviction.<\/p>\n

Dissent: <\/strong>Three errors in the jury instruction:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The MPC gives a definition of knowledge not an alternative for it (mentions a gift to child)<\/li>\n
  2. Did not alert the jury that he could not be convicted if he \u201cactually believed\u201d there was no controlled substance in the car<\/li>\n
  3. The instruction clearly stated that the defendant could have been convicted even if found ignorant or \u201cnot actually aware\u201d that the car contained a controlled substance<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Case Name: United States v. Jewell Citation: 532 F.2d 697 (1976) Facts: Jewell was convicted of knowingly transporting marijuana in his car from Mexico. The pot was hidden in a secret compartment behind the rear seat. There was evidence that Jewell deliberately avoided positive knowledge in order to avoid responsibility\u00a0 (\u201cWillful Blindness\u201d). The trial court … <\/p>\n

    Continue reading “United States v. Jewell, 532 F.2d 697 (1976)”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[146,145],"tags":[161],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","yoast_head":"\nUnited States v. Jewell, 532 F.2d 697 (1976) -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jewell was convicted of knowingly transporting marijuana in his car from Mexico. The pot was hidden in a secret compartment behind the rear seat.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/united-states-v-jewell\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"United States v. Jewell, 532 F.2d 697 (1976) -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jewell was convicted of knowingly transporting marijuana in his car from Mexico. The pot was hidden in a secret compartment behind the rear seat.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/united-states-v-jewell\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MiB Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2012-04-19T18:27:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2012-04-19T18:27:53+00:00\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/#website\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/\",\"name\":\"MiB Law\",\"description\":\"Lawschool Notes and Outlines\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/united-states-v-jewell\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/united-states-v-jewell\/\",\"name\":\"United States v. Jewell, 532 F.2d 697 (1976) -\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2012-04-19T18:27:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2012-04-19T18:27:53+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/#\/schema\/person\/14950d73730da8ecbd5b2d2690155373\"},\"description\":\"Jewell was convicted of knowingly transporting marijuana in his car from Mexico. The pot was hidden in a secret compartment behind the rear seat.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/united-states-v-jewell\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/#\/schema\/person\/14950d73730da8ecbd5b2d2690155373\",\"name\":\"Andrew\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/1.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e4456f2e886e2b22adb13ba439e70ed?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Andrew\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/miblaw\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=682"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":687,"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682\/revisions\/687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.miblaw.com\/lawschool\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}